Would you like a simple explanation of how our brain works?
- Liz Smart
- May 2, 2025
- 3 min read

I would like to help people understand in very simple terms how the brain š§ Ā works and how we cause ourselves chronic stress šµāš«by overthinking and what this does to our bodies. In addition to this a free audible will be available for you to fully relaxā¦ā¦..š
I will do a series of relaxation šĀ audios to help with different situations that life throws us and will thread in some of my own experiences and how I have dealt with them in the past or how I have reflected and would use a different approach if there was a next time.š¤
So letās begin; at the front of our brain is the pre-frontal cortex this is the part that allows us to know who and where we are at the present time āļøĀ And enables interaction with others š¤Ā for this purpose we will call it the intellectual brain.
This part of the brain has developed as we have over time.
The other part of our brain is known as the primitive part, the original part of the brain whoās main job is to protect us from danger.
Now this danger could be actual danger ā¼ļøĀ
Or it could originate as a thought šso a āwhat ifā commentary with your inner narrative āif this happens I will feelā¦ā¦.ā āThe last time I was in this situation this and that happenedā¦..ā
The primitive brain has many components.Ā
The amygdalaĀ - this is the flight/fright/depression part of the brain.Ā
So when our body needs protecting from an actual threat or a thought šĀ of threat be that in the future šŖĀ or the past šthen this part of the brain informs the body to pull out all of the stops and do its job! šit needs all the energy it can get so will recruit blood from your extremities to enable your vital organs to operate at the level, required to defend you.
hands may sweat,
Shaking may occur
Taking a deep breath may be difficultĀ
and as the heart accelerates, breathing does too.
If this isnāt enough ā¦ā¦ā¦.
By now a message has gone to the intestines to tell them to empty it all out š«¢, anything thatās in there is not needed at the moment.
There may be a feeling of nauseaš¤¢Ā because letās face it digestion takes up too much energy for a body getting ready for defence and rescue.
Well, thank you lovely body for looking out for me, but there were no tigers running after me in the street or someone about to rob my wallet, it was merely a thought šĀ
The thing here is that our brainš§ Ā is unable to differentiate what is real and what is not so the thought is perceived as something which is real. š¤„
There is more ā¦the amygdala is associated with two other areas being:
HippocampusĀ this holds memories of how we have reacted/coped positively or negatively to situations.
So, if the reaction resulted in you being safe from the threat ( whether actual or a threat) then the brain remembers this as a template until it is exposed to a different way of managing the situation which is as effective. This could be a form of panic attack, high anxiety or alternatively deep breathing, calmness and control.
Hypothalamus which assists with the chemical responses associated with these thoughts etc.
Moving on, letās see what happensā¦.š§
When we have a threat or a negative thought we move from our intellectual part of the brain into the primitive partĀ
So now our decision making isnāt great, our ability to be rational is deteriorating and we have slipped into some possible dark areas which may include low mood, anxiety or anger. In some cases this can be reactive to a situation and short-lived, in other cases it can creep up slowly over a long period of time and stick around š§³
If chronic stress isnātĀ listened too šthen the body can tip into the primitive brain more often than desiredā¦ā¦
The good newsāØāØāØāØāØāØāØāØāØ
There is a way of enhancing the efficiency of our brain and its filing cabinetš¤Ā and that is using REM Rapid Eye Movement.
In my next blog I will:
Explain how we can improve REM and what it isš“
Look at an example of when this has worked in relation to pain
Have another relaxation audible for your enjoyment š
If after reading this content you need to speak with someone please contact theĀ
SamaritansĀ on Tel: 116 123Ā
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